surviving boston marathon suspect is answering some questions, but communicating only by writing notes. because of a bullet wound to his throat. possibly self-inflicted. federal officials say terrorism charges against 19-year-old dzhokhar tsarnaev will be filed today. lawmakers are already debating whether he should be read his miranda rights. >> you're giving them the option, as to whether or not they want to cooperate and i don't believe they should have that option. this is sole will i for the purpose of interrogation to find intelligence to get the intelligence that i believe we need. >> questions remain -- did the brothers have help in carrying out their attacks? >> we're satisfied that the two actors here, the two people that were committing the damage have either been arrested or killed. and the people of the city of boston can rest comfortably at this point in time. but did the fbi miss warning signs after interviewing 26-year-old tamerlan tsarnaev in

2011? where did the brothers get their guns? their training? and their inspiration? in washington, the boston terror attack could become an excuse to slow down immigration reform. >> if ways to improve the bill offered amendment when we start mark-up in may and let's vote on it. i say that particularly those pointing to what happened, the terrible tragedy in boston as a -- i would say excuse for not doing the bill or delaying it many months or years. >> i never said that! >> i never said that! >> i didn't say you did, sir. >> i didn't say -- >> i didn't say you did. today, funeral services for one of the bombing victims, 29-year-old krystle campbell. and across boston and the world, the outpouring of support for the victims and the heroes continues. ♪ sweet caroline ♪ whoa whoa whoa ♪ good times never seemed so

good ♪ ♪ so good, so good, so good ♪ i've been inclined ♪ whoa whoa whoa >> an emotional week in boston and we're on top of all the stories, good day, i'm andrea mitchell live in washington. boston and the nation pause for a moment of silence one week after the first bomb blast at the boston marathon. seven days later, investigators from the fbi and c.i.a. are taking the first crucial steps in trying to communicate with boston bombing suspect, dzhokhar tsarnaev. joining me now, nbc news justice correspondent, pete williams. pete, what do we know about their ability to communicate with him and about the legal steps that they will be taking? >> well, their ability to communicate with him is limited, because of this injury he has, his injuries are pretty serious. ehe's said to be in serious but stable condition. he's on a ventilator. they can't engage in a conversation with him, which is what they had hoped to do. it's something we're told that

they do for brief periods because of his condition. it's written questions. it's written answers. nods. that kind of thing. so it's not a very, what you'd call a very robust conversation. >> what about the charges, arraignment charges? what is the legal process going forward? >> well, it's a little hard to tell, andrea, quite candidly. you know, my suspicion is not confirmed, but my suspicion is just reading all of the various signs and tea leaves, is that the charges have probably already been filed under seal. and why that is, i don't know, whether they're you know normally in the government when you, when you file charges under seal, it's because you still got somebody at large. you don't want them to know they've been charged. and while you're trying to find them. here the defendant sits in a hospital room, and we've not heard any indication that there's any suggestion that there are other polices out there that they're trying to

find. there's some reason for this, clearly. if that's indeed the case that they filed them under seal. and it's entirely possible, if they've done so, that they've already had the so-called initial appearance where the magistrate would come into the hospital and read him the charges. they've done that before in other cases, they did that in the case of umar abumuttalab, the underwear bomber in detroit. we don't know all the facts because the government isn't very forthcoming. a court official in boston has confirmed that they've had this hospital bed appearance. but we don't know whether that's the case or not. >> now jay carney has been briefing, as you've been reporting all weekend, pete, he is not going to be treated as an enemy combatant. i wanted to show a bit of jay carney's briefing moments ago at the white house. >> sure. >> he will not be treated as an enemy combatant. we will prosecute this terrorist

through our civilian system of justice. >> now there's been a lot of confusion outside, and even among some members of congress about this exception. the exception which permits them to question him before mirandaizing him, even though they're planning all along to prosecute him in the u.s. court system. explain. >> well, i think there are two issues here. one is, the question which some civil libertarians don't like is the government questioning him before they give him the miranda warning. and the reason for that is that the government has long recognized and the courts have approved the so-called public safety exception to the miranda warning. if you're trying to get information quickly about a potential public safety threat, you don't know if there are other people working with him, a plot, wider plot, other explosives, you can ask those questions and try to get them out of the way before you issue the miranda warning. that's the first question, the second issue that some republicans have raised is, what's the right way to do this initial questioning? and some, including senator mccain, senator graham and others have said, the right way

to do this is to declare him an enemy combatant. question him under those circumstances first, and then at some point, transfer him into civilian court. they're not suggesting he should be tried as a military tribunal. and in fact they can see that would be illegal, anyway, he's an american citizen. the law bars trying american citizens in military tribunals, but you know, i think this is to some extent moot. a, because the administration has decided how they're going to proceed, its going to be in civilian court. and b, the limited nature of the interrogation at this point because of his condition. >> have authorities interviewed katherine russell? tamerlan's wife? we know we've seen her, she's gone back to the cambridge house briefly to apparently get some mail and other things. she is believed to be with her parents in rhode island. are they interviewed her to know how much she knew about his radicalization? >> they will. they very much want to. they want to talk to every member of the family. they want it talk to all his friends. they want to know not just the

answer to that question, but fill in as many pieces of the puzzle as they can. what were they up to in the months leading up to the bombing, what did they do afterwards, did they talk about plans? were they in touch with other people? the quick answer to your question is we don't believe they are have. her lawyer says he's in touch with the federal authorities now trying to work out details of that. they are going to get to her. they will interview her. she, she can be subpoenaed if necessary. so that, that will be done. >> and there are conflicting reports of extensive reporting and a number of newspapers today, "wall street journal," "boston globe." and some conflict in some indications as to the mother. because some reports are that there was a family member who may have radicalized tamerlan during his six months in russia and dagestan. some suggestions that it was his mother. others that she was not herself radicalized in her religious impact. do you know what the fbi now believes about that? >> they don't have an opinion about this. and this is one of those parts, you know, when you cover an

investigation like this, there are parts of the investigation where needless to say the investigators are ahead of the reporting, we're always trying to catch up. and there are other parts of it where the reporters are ahead of the investigators, this is one phase. because the fbi is taking steps to get people into dagestan and talk to the family members. but they have to go through all sorts of procedures, they have no legal standing to question people on their own. without the permission from authorities. that takes time to work out. whereas a journalist can just go up and knock on the door. so this is a part that they'll catch up with. for now i guess you could say the reporters are out ahead. >> one final thing, pete. with your indulgence, there's a lot of con fufusion why on september 5th, tamerlan was temporarily denied u.s. citizenship. they came up with the fact that he had been interviewed by the fbi. do we understand whether he was or was not in some database?

>> well, first of all, his, i guess the right way to say this was that his application was pending. his application was way behind his brother's. he came to the u.s. a good year after his younger brother did. tamerlan, the older brother. so it was still pending and it had not been turned down. but as you accurately say, a factor in the, in for the reason that it was going a little slowly was partly this, the fact that he had been questioned by the fbi and partly the fact that he had had this run-in with the law about a complaint of battering his, his ex-girlfriend. so what happened here, we're told, is that when dhs analyzes or reviews any of these requests for naturalization, it sends a query out to all law enforcement agencies, including the fbi. to say do you have anything on him? the fbi checked and found out it had interviewed him. yes, the fbi had a record it interviewed him and closed case. but that did not go into some

larger terrorism watch list database or anything like that. >> thank you, pete williams, as always for answers on all that we know at least at this point. joining me now to talk more about the legal questions surrounding this investigation, complicated investigation, jay johnson, former general counsel to the department of defense for the obama administration. jay, good to see you again, thank you very much for being with us. you have been involved in so many of these issues. we wanted to talk to you, about your take-away about enemy combatant. judicial decisions in a number of cases can you clarify how long can this exception from your wisdom last. is it the point the arrest. or the point of communication? >> well first of all, it's important to remember that any time dangerous criminal, suspect, is arrested for terrorist acts, our first

impulse when that suspect is from a foreign land or is of a certain religion, should not be a reach for the military. the military is not the only answer here. and i warned about that in office, the possibility of over militarization of our common terrorism efforts, it's a whole government effort. second, the notion of designating the suspect as an enemy combatant, i'm not even sure is legal. in this situation. to be part of the enemy force in the congressionally authorized armed conflict from 2001, the suspect would need to be either part of al qaeda or an associated force. which is a well-developed definition by our government these days. and so far, there's no indication that this suspect is part of al qaeda or any associated force. so he should be dealt with outside the context of an armed conflict, this is not a matter for the military. it's a matter for law

enforcement. now on the question of the public safety exception. it is not necessary that the individual be designated an enemy combatant in order for him to be questioned without giving him miranda warnings, the exception emanates from a supreme court decision in the early '80s, called new york versus quarrels. the criminal suspect in that situation was not a terrorist, he was not part of any enemy force. he was arrested in a grocery store in queens. and the police asked him where is the loaded gun. he had a gun with him. they couldn't find it. and for public safety reasons, they needed to find the loaded weapon quickly. and they asked him the questions without mirandaizing him. so the public safety exception is domestic in nature. so it's completely unnecessary to call him an enemy combatant in the first place. >> they had a lot of guns, and this is part of the investigation. how do two brothers in

cambridge, mass, get ahold of all of this weaponry, and create these bombs? now low-level, low-tech bombs, be that they were. can they do that all with online inspiration and help? or do they have to have outside help, do you think? >> that's an excellent question. i'm sure in the coming days and weeks, law enforcement, the press will uncover virtually every aspect of the lives of these individuals, including the answer to that question. i do know that it is relatively and probably shockingly easy to assemble the components to make a bomb from things you can obtain in the united states. and there are terrorist organizations overseas that have instructions online for how to do that. and so it's something that we ought to look carefully at from the law enforcement perspective. how easy is it for an individual

determined to commit terrorist acts, to assemble bomb parts of this nature and put them in a pressure cooker, in a backpack and take it to a crowded location, like a marathon. >> i know you've had, your speech at fordham and other speeches that you've given after you left the pentagon. have raised questions about the drone war and about the legal ramifications of what we're doing. have you figured out in your own mind how these young men, these were men who were raised in the united states. how they can become so radicalized? what the influences are and how do we as a society deal with the sort of need until the haystack issue of home-grown radical young men? >> andrea, i think that's a very good question and i suspect the answer is not an easy answer. a lot of people want easy answers to these questions. they want easy, immediate answers. they want to be able to label

the individual and label the situation. and pigeonhole it one way or another. and i suspect that there is no easy, neat answer to that question. >> jeh johnson, the former general counsel at the pentagon, thank you very much. always good to talk to you. >> thank you for having me. and up next, the russian connection, just what happened during tamerlan tsarnaev's six months overseas last year? this is "andrea mitchell reports," only on msnbc. [ male announcer ] this is kevin. to prove to you that aleve is the better choice for him, hegrto give it up. that's today? [ male announcer ] we'll be with him all day as he goes back to taking tylenol. i was okay, but after lunch my knee started to hurt again. and now i've got to take more pills. ♪ yup. another pill stop. can i get my aleve back yet? ♪ for my pain, i want my aleve. ♪ [ male announcer ] look for the easy-open red arthritis cap.

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last year, tamerlan tsarnaev spent time in dagestan, a region that has become a stronghold for russia's violent islamic insurgency. was he visiting his parents and extended family? or was he also becoming radicalized himself? was he recruited? american investigators are now following that trail. or trying to.

joining me by phone is nbc's and youian mong, in the capital city of dagestan, russia. what are you hearing? there are a lot of reports about what went on during that period, what his mother may or may not have said to him. >> yes, unfortunately, there is a lot of conflicting information. we have spoken to a few relatives, including the aunts and uncles this morning. they've confirmed that tamerlan, the elder son, who is now dead, did actually go to chechnya to visit relatives, now chechnya is actually where his father originally comes from. he wasn't born in check nia. but his parents were from there. and they argued that it made sense to go there. they didn't give any other details about who he saw or what he might have done. it's not clear how long he spent there. he also spent part of his time here in dagestan. we have been able to confirm as well, that he frequented a

mosque in town. that has rather checkered history. this is a salafi mosque and the salafi brand of islam is a much more -- excuse me, am i being interrupted? excuse me? >> andrea, i'm being interrupted here. trying to set up for an interview. and -- >> adrienne -- do what you need to do. we don't want you to jeopardize either an interview or your safety. so adrienne, you do what you need to do there in dagestan, we understand that there are a lot of local sensitivities. and we will check back with you. thank you very much. >> okay. thank you very much. >> it is bruce rydell with the brookings institution, he spent three decades with the c.i.a., a former member of the national security council as well.

bruce, you know this area well. we're talking about chich nia, we're talking about dagestan. there has been no known record that i know of that most experts know of, of chechen violence against u.s. targets. it's always been against russian targets. but what about these sort of pan-islamic radicalism in that region? how has that evolved in recent years? >> well i think, andrea, you raise an important issue. it's clear that these two chechen young men were radicalized and that particularly the older one, tamerlan, was probably radicalized during a trip back to his homeland. it's easy to understand that chechens would be radicalized their country has been abused by russia under the czars, and for the last 20 years under mr. putin. more important question is how did that radicalization against russia turn into radicalization against the united states of america? in other words, why did they see their target as the boston marathon instead of say the

russian embassy or russian airline delegation or something like that. i think the answer to that is going to lie in the checken movement itself. which over the course of the last 20 years has increasingly been radicalized itself and elements of which have bought into the al qaeda narrative. the al qaeda ideology of global jihad. that the enemy of islam is not just the local enemy, russia and che chechnya, or india and kashmir, but a global conspiracy that includes as its leader, the united states of america. that's an al qaeda ideology and an al qaeda narrative which seems to have impacted on at least the older of the two boys. >> there is so much conflict, not only among the reports, but also in just our understanding of human psychology. we're just looking at some video, some of the surveillance video of the two brothers

walking casually, two kids walking with backpacks and a shoulder bag. past the, the onlookers to the marathon behind that group of people. as they knew that they were putting down bombs that were going to kill and maim the very people they were walking past. the nonchalance of that, the fact that dzhokar then went to the gym on his campus the next day and said to a friend, yes, it was sad, that is so hard to rationalize. >> but murder and violence often has a surprisingly mundane and human face to it. we've seen that in other places. behind that nonchalance, trying to look normal, these two people were obviously quite angry. quite angry about what was going on, especially the older brother. i think the older brother probably persuaded his younger brother to go along on this. we'll find that out.

so it's the older brother, his trip to russia that we need to know more about. and one other thing, it goes back to an earlier segment we had. "follow the woman" in french follow the wife. she will know a lot about how her husband's thinking had been evolving over last several years. and whether or not he changed somehow and became more radical after that trip. >> there were two instances reported by the "boston globe," in the local mosque that he attended. one in january, one last thanksgiving, when the imam was saying you could celebrate july 4th, could you celebrate thanksgiving. and he protested and argued with the clergyman after that and again in january, where the leader of the service was referring to muhammed, the prophet muhammed and martin luther king jr. and speaking of analogies. and again, tamerlan reported

will protested. so there were two instances where he was more radical than his, than his congregation. >> that's a typical process we see in someone who is radicalized into the global jihad. they begin to see the issue not just in terms of some local dispute, whether it's palestine, kashmir, chechnya or mali. and begin to see the dispute through the narrative of al qaeda. that it's a global war against islam. now, in this case, there's a very good chance that he never got in touch with a single person from al qaeda. they never had interaction with anybody from al qaeda. but they may have had interaction via the web and the internet with al qaeda's ideology, with al qaeda websites. which in the process of radicalization, gave them targets that they would not have thought of before. and that that target became america and everything about the united states of america.

>> and from your knowledge, there was a conversation between vladimir putin and president obama on friday night, a pledge of more cooperation. but the fact is, that over the past few years, there has not been a whole lot of cooperation between the russian security services and our intelligence services. >> no. and let's be honest about what's going on in chechnya. under mr. putin, there have been horrendous human rights violations in chechnya. the country has been occupied and brutalized by russian forces for the last decade and more. that's not to excuse chechen terrorism. the chechen terrorists have carried out absolutely horrible acts of terror against movie houses, against schools, but what we've seen in chechnya is a growing radicalization of the population under the oppression that they're getting from russia. and it's difficult in that kind of environment for security exchange to not be politicized

sooner or later. we know what's going on in check nia. our fbi, our c.i.a. know what's going on in chechnya. when they get information from the russian service, they should look at that information and decide does it actually give them any leads in terms of intelligence inside the united states of america. but they should be reminded where the information is coming from. >> really wonderful insights, thank you very much, thanks, bruce reidel. next in the daily fix, the boston bomb's impact on immigration debate here at home. that perfect spot. a special place we go to smooth out the ripples of the day. it might be off a dock or on a boat. upstream or in the middle of nowhere. wherever it may be, casting a line in the clear, fresh waters of michigan lets us leave anything weighing us down back on shore. our perfect spot is calling. our perfect spot is pure michigan. your trip begins at michigan.org.

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be happy. be healthy. some opponents to immigration reform including leading republican lawmakers say that the boston attacks are now a reason to slow down the effort. even though one brother was as we've been reporting, a legal resident. the united states was a united states citizen. joining me for our daily fix, chris cillizza, msnbc contributor and managing editor, postpolitics.com. we saw a dust-up today between

chuck grassley and chuck schumer. also ted cruz weighing in. suggesting that the only thing that ought to be done in immigration reform now is border security, not path to citizenship. lindsay graham and others trying to push back. is this going to completely b l bollocks up the immigration time table? >> i don't know. i think we're still dealing with the reverb rations of what happened in boston here in washington. this situation only resolved itself friday night. we're still looking for answers so i think we have to wait a little bit. now that said, i think what you're going to see is the debate split and you've laid it out. debate split between people who say let's take a few of the measures that are more popular, that we know can get past. let's do it on a piecemeal basis versus people like lindsay graham and marco rubio and others who say we need to do it all at once, it needs to be comprehensive, not piece by piece. that was the dynamic in truth i

think that was going to emerge even pre-boston. i think some folks who wanted to be that piecemeal approach are citing boston as a way to say let's pass a little more popular elements. but i don't know that we know exactly what boston means for immigration or frankly for anything else as it relates to political washington. it's just too soon. we're standing so close to the picture. i feel like we don't have proper perspective. >> the politicians are obviously also clearly looking to see what the shock waves are going to be. even though on the face of it, the facts do not bear up any relationship with the overriding immigration debate. >> that's right. >> thank you very much, chris cillizza. >> thank you. and coming up next, boston strong, now more than ever. [ male announcer ] ok, here's the way the system works.

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today doctors at boston medical center emphasize how crucial it is for life in boston to get back to normal. >> recovery from this psychologically is a marathon. it will be difficult to get back into the normal routine. you may not feel like it, you may not be energized to do this. from a longstanding set of scientific studies. the people who do best are the people who get back to normal. >> there's a lot of healing going on. joining me now is boston native, nbc's ann thompson. ann, you've talked to people there, you know the city so well. this is a resilient city, but people have to be aware of their feelings and of the sort of shock waves, the after-effects for those also suffering physical injuries and those in the community at large. >> absolutely, andrea. if you just think about what the city has been through in the past week, you have the bombings, you have the loss of

life. you have the severe injuries to people. you have the fact that the city was shut down and communities around it were shut down on friday. you have the shoot-out inwatertown and then you have the capture of suspect number two. it is been an extraordinary week. but the thing i have been struck by most is boston sort of goes back to normal, if you will. is that this is not a sts filled with false bravado. people understand that what has happened here has changed them. and that yes, they are going to come back and they are resilient and they are strong. but they aren't being silly about it. they are very serious. and what's driving them is this idea that no one dictates how they live. and i think you saw it best captured by david ortiz, who is the designated hitter on the red sox who came back on saturday. and he mentioned that during an impromptu pre-game speech and in fact he used an expletive in

describing it. but he captured the spirit of the city, in that no one dictates our way of life and that they are going to stay strong. and that's what you feel here in boston today. >> you know, i know you're preparing to be there in copley square during the moment of silence. in the next hour. and we think about the sports teams. what more defines boston than other than the american revolution and all of that, than you know, the red sox, the other teams. and that has been such an important part of the bouncing back. >> it is, andrea and it's helping to bring people together. and i think it's not just the red sox who raise some $646,000 for the one fund, that's the fund to help all the victims here. but after yesterday's bruins game, that's the hockey team here, the players took off their sweaters, that's what jerseys are called in hockey. and gave them to watertown police and other first responders.

and the sports teams, whether it's the celtics or in the playoffs against the knicks, the bruins, the red sox, they have all been away for people to come together and to feel, to feel good again and to show that they are strong and that there is some solidarity. and i also can tell you that the fact that the country has rallied around boston is not to be underestimated. i mean people here truly get misty-eyed when they see other baseball fans around the country singing "sweet caroline. " and it's giving people in boston the feeling that they're not alone, that the country is behind them and the country is with them. >> ann thompson, thank you so much for all your reporting and we will be watching. and boston's resilience has now become as ann pointed out, a rallying cry across the country, around the world. yesterday the london marathon began with a moment of silence for the victims. and in new york city, the first

annual 9/11 memorial 5-k became a tribute to boston. >> let us dedicate this race today to our brothers and sisters in massachusetts and boston, we know what you're feeling, we know the anger, we know the pain, we know the frustration -- we know the sense of violation. we've been there ourselves. but we can tell you this -- you will get through this. and you will come out the other end. and you will be the better, the stronger, the more unified for it. i know that we were. we have breaking news now, pete williams in the news room. pete? >> okay. andrea, the charges have been unsealed. against dzhokhar tsarnaev for the marathon bombing on monday. he's accused of two charges at this point. terrorism charge, use of a weapon of mass destruction, we've been explaining, that's a term of art in federal law. it doesn't mean in the

conventional sense of talking about nuclear or biological weapons. it means any bomb that could injure people. and the other is, malicious destruction of property resulting in death. that's a separate explosives charge in the federal code. and what this does mean is that it's, the government could seek the death penalty based on this charge. and that's an interesting point. because the state of massachusetts does not have the death penalty. so the, it's only in the federal system that the death penalty can be obtained. what i've seen so far in looking through the documents here is a very detailed account of what we have been told was the key piece of evidence that got the fbi on to him in the first place. what he can be seen doing on a surveillance camera tape. and with your permission, andrea, i want to quote from this document as it describes the tape. it refers to him, the suspect here as bomber two. remember they were showing two suspects, the one with the white

hat who placed the second device. they say. they say about 30 seconds before the first explosion, he lifts his phone to his ear as if speaking on his cell phone and keeps it there for about 18 seconds. a few seconds after he finishes the call, the large crowd of people around him can be seen reacting to the first explosion. virtually every head turns toward the finish line and stares in that direction in apparent bewilderment and alarm. bomber two virtually alone among the individuals in front of the restaurant, appears calm. he glances to the east and then calmly but rapidly begins moving to the west, away from the direction of the finish line. he walks away without his knapsack. having left it on the ground where he had been standing. about ten seconds later an explosion occurs in the location where bomber number two had placed his knapsack. so these, that's what i've seen in the charges so far, andrea. >> well, we'll keep coming back to you, msnbc pete, as you go through the charges.

but it's very clear from that that they have visual evidence and it makes the whole issue of mirandaizing him or not and whether his statements or any kind of confession have to be challenged or not challenge, because they have visual evidence. >> they have a lot of forensic evidence in this case. the statement, i haven't gotten through to see if it's in here. the statement of one of the men who was most severely injured in the bombing. who gave a description. >> pete? >> i'm just looking through the documents here. oh here, another point, andrea, you may recall that they say that during the shoot-out in watertown, authorities had said that a pressure cooker device similar to the boston marathon device had been thrown from the car. well this is what the charging document says about that. it says a preliminary

examination of the explosive devices that were discovered at the scene of the shoot-out in watertown and in the abandoned vehicle, this is a car that they had, that they abandoned has revealed similarities to the explosives used at the boston marathon. the remnants of at least one of the exploded bombs at the scene of the shoot-out indicates that a low-grade explosive had been contained in a pressure cooker, the same brand as the one used in the marathon explosions. the explosive in watertown also contained metallic bbs, contained within an adhesive material as well as a green-colored hobby fuse. so that's another potential connection they say. so these, as i just scan this quickly. this seems to be the two key points. >> thank you, very much. pete williams. as you continue to read, please interrupt us at any moment. with any new information that you have. >> well -- and i'm going through it myself.

>> i just see one other thing here. they refer to the carjacking and the victim who was, whose car was stolen. they say that he was forced to drive where they picked up a second man. so it seems clear now from this that one of the two suspects was the carjacker. they then pick up the brother and they say they put something in the trunk. they demanded money, they, we knew that they had used his atm debit card three times. then they say the gunfight ensued. so as i say, these seem to be the same, the main two points that are in this. and we should say that these charges at this stage are very preliminary. they're in essence, kind of holding documents that get the legal process started. but the government certainly will come back with a lot more detail in when they, the next step will be to file a grand

jury indictment because the federal constitution require s that anybody who is prosecuted under a felony has to be indicted by a grand jury. that's the next step and the grand jury indictment undoubtedly will say a lot more. before they get to the trial point, if it ever comes to that, they can keep issuing superseding indictments as they add more information and potentially more charges, andrea. >> thank you very much, the detail here tells us exactly why it took several days to come up with the charging document. thank you, pete. joining me now is "boston globe" columnist kevin cullen. kevin, thank you very much for being with us. as you've just heard, they've got the charges laid out in this, i'm looking at it now. it's ten pages so far. in this initial charging document. but they've got chapter and verse so far against the suspect. how will that be received by the people of boston who have been trying to get their head and hearts around what has happened

to them in the last few days? >> i think the, andrea, the prosecution of this guy is sort of a secondary issue for a lot of people in town. we have to bury our dead first. we have to heal our wounded. and we have to take care of our first responders. the justice system will take care of this guy. and i think everybody in town, i really have that sense on the street last week, that there was absolute confidence in town, that he would be found. and he, they both would be found very soon. and it's scary as everybody described, certainly was very scary for people in watertown, in that lockdown situation. i got a sense, just incredible quiet confidence in the city, that they two would be brought to justice. >> you know, when we talk about this, kevin, i've been reading your columns and watching our friend, lawrence o'donnell's interviews with the watertown police chief.

we speak about boston and we're talking about a very small town with a police force that responded in a firefight, lost one of their own. >> the watertown cops were positively heroic, as were all the law enforcement people. but as you mentioned, watertown cops there. i'm going to guess that they fired more bullets that one exchange with those suspects, than they have fired in that town probably in the history of the department. it was, i mean there were a lot of rounds fired that night. but i do think that you know, there are so many examples of heroism. beyond in a, going back to the first responders on the day, a week ago today. people saw things they never should have seen. and i think the busiest boston police officer for the next week at least and maybe beyond that, is a guy named brian fleming, a sergeant for the boston police department and he runs the counseling services.

and is a great guy. and i know brian's out there. and same with the fire department's people and the guys from the emergency medical services in boston. who did you know, heroic work. everybody, we're talking about firefighters, cops, ems people. it's extraordinary what they did. the other thing we have to reach out to people and make sure they're okay and that make sure that they know it's okay to get help. that's, that's what we have to do. like i said, i have almost little interest in the guy that's going to be in court. i think we all know where that's going to go. the evidence is as pete just said is pretty overwhelming and this is just the initial filing. so that to me, i think, i think i'm speaking for a lot of people in town, we have much bigger things to worry about than that jerk. >> kevin cullen, thank you very much. and we'll be right back.

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this breaking news, we are reviewing what has just occurred. according to pete williams and court documents. there has been a legal procedure in the hospital room, obviously, the defendant has agreed to an order of voluntary detention without prejudice. the defendant declined to answer bail questions in a probable cause hearing may 30th at 10:00 a.m. the court is satisfied the defendant is alert and able to respond to the charges. the defendant is remanded to the custody of fbi agents and was presented to u.s. marshals. he was advised of his rights and the charges against him. the government states the maximum penalties and is moved to detention. and there is a charge of using a weapon of mass destruction, the bomb, and that would include a possible death penalty phase if

it were to come to that. although massachusetts does not have the death penalty. this is a federal case. david rode joins me now. he is the author of a pulitzer prize winner and the author of beyond warning reimagining american influence. we want to talk to you about your experience. you were held, you were kidnapped by the taliban. the pakistan taliban. and you lived with the jihadis, with the suicide bomber for quite a number of time. and having lived through this experience, talked to them, then escaped. what is the psychology that radicalizes these people? this is different because these were american raised young men. but what is the radicalization process? >> it is a slow process. and i think as the story comes out, you will see it was over

many years that these two men changed. particularly the older brother. what scares americans is that they turn on a dime and do this. that doesn't happen. it is this alternate reality where they're told it is a massive conspiracy of christians and hindus and jews trying to over blitz rate islam from the earth. if you look at those videos, you are drawn in slowly over time. >> you don't think this was a sudden time in dagestan did it. >> no. even if you look at the fbi request, the russians were suspicious of him into 2010. my personal feeling is that americans shouldn't let this, i guess, frighten us all too much. there have not been that many attacks. i've spoken to muslims that are very worried about a back lash. and they -- >> understandably. >> understandably. at this point it is a horrific thing that happened in boston. it was terrible. but the number of attacks are still fairly low compared to 9/11. and i would hope there wasn't an

overreaction to this. this is is a slow process, a very extreme form of islam and it is not widespread throughout the country at this point. >> we have to leave it there for today. more to come tomorrow. thank you very much. that does it for this edition of "andrea mitchell reports." my colleague tamron hall has a look at "news nation" next. >> we're following that breaking news on the suspected boston bomber in custody. tsarnaev has now been charged with a weapon of mass destruction. pete wimlliams will join us. plus, michael isikoff reports two of tamerlan's friends have been charged. we'll have the very latest details coming up. plus the president headed to texas to the site of that explosion. it is all coming up next on "news nation." ♪ [ female announcer ] from meeting customer needs...

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